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The list of sled dog races contains dozens of contests created by supporters of mushing, the sport of racing sled dogs. It is unknown when the first sled dog race was held. Humans have domesticated dogs for thousands of years, and sled dogs have been used for transportation in Arctic areas for almost as long. The first sled dog race to feature a codified set of rules was the All-Alaska Sweepstakes, which first took place in 1908. This was followed in 1917 by the American Dog Derby, which was the first sled dog race outside Alaska or the Yukon.〔International Sled Dog Racing Association. ("History of Sled Dog Racing ). Accessed May 20, 2009.〕 In 1932, sled dog racing was a demonstration sport at the 1932 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York, but was not included in future games.〔White, Tim. ("A history of mushing before we knew it" ). International Federation of Sleddog Sports, Inc. Accessed May 20, 2009.〕 The most famous sled dog race is the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race, an annual 1000-mile competition in Alaska. It commemorates the 1925 serum run to Nome but was not begun until 1973. The Iditarod helped restart worldwide interest in mushing, which had been thought of as anachronistic after the spread of snowmobiles. Since mushing's resurgence, the sport has proliferated and sled dog races are hosted in towns around the world, from Norway and Finland to Alaska and Michigan. Due to the cold temperatures needed for sled dog racing, most races are held in winter in cold climates, but occasional carting events, typically known as dryland races, have been held in warmer weather. These are not included in this list because they do not use sleds. There are three typical types of sled dog races: sprint, mid-distance, and long-distance. These types can be broken down into sub-types. Sprint races cover relatively short distances of 4 to 25 miles/day, mid-distance races cover a total of 100 to 300 miles, and long-distance races cover 300 miles to more than 1,000 miles. Sprint races frequently are two- or three-day events with heats run on successive days with the same dogs on the same course. Mid-distance races are either heat races of 14 to 80 miles per day, or continuous races of 100 to 200 miles. (These categories are informal and may overlap to a certain extent.) Long-distance races may be continuous or stage races, in which participants run a different course each day, usually from a central staging location. Stage races are similar to cycling's Tour de France. Generally, teams start one after another in equal time intervals, competing against the clock rather than directly against one another. This is due to logistic considerations of getting teams of dogs to the starting line for a clean timed start. Mass starts where all of the dog teams start simultaneously are popular in parts of Canada. Another mode of dogsled racing is the ''freight race'', in which a specified weight per dog is carried in the sled. == Sprint races == *Baltic Winter Cup — Series of sleddog races across the Baltic states, on snow as well as on dryland. ("Baltic cup" ) *ADVANCE Sled Dog Challenge — The only snow based sled dog race event staged in Australia. Short-distance sprint races take place annually at Dinner Plain Village located north east in the Victorian High Country. see www.sleddogchallenge.com and www.visitdinnerplain.com. ("Advance Pet Foods Sled Dog Challenge" ) *American Dog Derby — Oldest dog sled race in the United States.〔Famous Firsts, Natalie Rompella 2007, page 15, the All Alaska Sweepstakes was held in Alaska which was only a territory in 1917 and not part of the United States.〕 *Avannaata Qimussersua is Greenland's championship in dog sled racing, using the typically Greenlandic fan formation with 12 dogs. The championship includes all West-Greenland settlements north of the Arctic circle and is held annually in March or April. The route covers about 40 kilometres, mainly on land but occasinnally crossing lake and sea ice. In 2013 and 2014, it was held in the town of Ilulissat.〔http://sermitsiaq.ag/groenlands-flotteste-hundespand〕 *Big Land Challenge Dog Team Race — Annual 20-kilometer race in Goose Bay, Labrador.〔Big Land Challenge. ("Race info" ), biglandchallenge.com. Accessed May 21, 2009.〕 *Open North American Championship — Culminating event of the Alaska Dog Mushers Association competition season.〔Alaska Dog Mushers Association. ("GCI Open North American Championship" ), sleddog.org. Accessed May 21, 2009.〕 *1932 Olympics Race — Demonstration race involving two 25.1-mile heats. *Tok Dog Mushers Association Race of Champions — An Alaska Dog Mushers Association event hosted annually in Tok, Alaska for more than 50 years.〔Tok Dog Mushers Association. ("Tok Dog Mushers Association" ), tokdogmushers.org. Accessed May 21, 2009.〕 *Western Alaska Championship Sled Dog Race — Annual three-day, 15–20-mile sprint race held in Dillingham, Alaska, as part of the Beaver Round-Up celebration.〔Dillingham Chamber of Commerce. ("2009 Western Alaska Sled Dog Races" ), dillinghamak.com. Accessed May 21, 2009.〕 *Caledonia Classic Dog Sled Races - Annual 3-day event on and adjacent to beautiful Stuart Lake in Fort St. James, BC, Canada. 150km races plus sprints on well maintained trails both on and off lake. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of sled dog races」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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